***This document uses HTML 3.0 tags as supported by Netscape 2.0.***

Simple Linear Regression - Assumption Violations

The three assumptions that should be strictly heeded in applying least squares linear regression are that

Various graphs can be used to check these assumptions. However, what happens when the data indicate a possible violation? If the graph of Y versus X is not linear, a transformation of Y and/or X may "straighten" things out. If a trend exists in the graph of studentized residuals versus X it may be that the data were collected improperly (i.e., not "randomly") or that an additional variable may be important in explaining the variation in Y (requiring multiple regression). When the graph of studentized residuals versus X shows the variability to change as X changes, a transformation or weighted least squares may provide a solution. It is an unfortunate fact that solving one violation may, however, create another.


[Previous] [TOC] [Next]